4th to 6th century CE

The 4th to 6th century CE was a pivotal period in history marked by significant changes. In the Roman Empire, Christianity became the dominant religion, particularly after Emperor Constantine's Edict of Milan in 313 CE. This era also saw the decline of the Western Roman Empire, culminating in its fall in 476 CE. Meanwhile, the Eastern Roman Empire, or Byzantine Empire, thrived and preserved classical knowledge. In other parts of the world, major developments occurred, such as the rise of powerful kingdoms in Asia and the spread of trade networks. This era laid foundations for the Middle Ages and future civilizations.