3D genome architecture

3D genome architecture refers to how our DNA, which contains all our genetic instructions, is organized inside the cell nucleus in a three-dimensional space. Instead of being randomly scattered, the DNA folds and loops to bring specific gene regions close together or apart. This spatial arrangement influences gene activity, turning genes on or off as needed for proper cell function. Understanding this 3D structure helps scientists learn how genes are regulated and how changes in organization might lead to diseases. It’s like a complex, dynamic city map where location and proximity matter greatly.