3. Stiglitz, Joseph (American Economist)

Joseph Stiglitz is an influential American economist known for his work on information asymmetry, which explores how unequal information among market participants can lead to market failures. He received the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences in 2001 for his research on the economics of information. Stiglitz has also served as the chief economist at the World Bank and is a prominent critic of economic policies that prioritize free markets without considering social impacts. His ideas advocate for a balance between markets and government intervention to promote fairness and efficiency in the economy.