3. Mergers and Acquisitions

Mergers and acquisitions (M&A) are processes where companies join together or one company buys another. A merger occurs when two companies decide to combine their resources and operations, often to create a stronger entity. An acquisition happens when one company purchases another, gaining control over it. These strategies are used to expand market reach, increase efficiency, or eliminate competition. M&A can lead to growth and innovation but may also involve challenges like integrating different company cultures and addressing regulatory concerns. Overall, M&A plays a significant role in shaping industries and economies.