3. Cryptococcosis

Cryptococcosis is a fungal infection caused by the Cryptococcus fungus, often found in soil and bird droppings. It primarily affects people with weakened immune systems, such as those with HIV/AIDS. The infection can lead to serious conditions like meningitis, which is inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord. Symptoms may include headache, fever, cough, and difficulty breathing. Diagnosis is typically made through laboratory tests, and treatment usually involves antifungal medications. Early detection is crucial for effective management and recovery.