2D photonic crystals

2D photonic crystals are materials structured in a repeating pattern across two dimensions, affecting how light moves through them. Imagine a grid-like lattice of tiny structures designed to control electromagnetic waves, similar to how a crystal lattice influences electrons. These patterns create specific pathways or bans for certain light wavelengths, enabling precise manipulation of light for applications like optical fibers, displays, and sensors. Their ability to direct, filter, or trap light makes them valuable in advanced photonics and communication technologies.