2D Ising model

The 2D Ising model is a mathematical framework used in physics to understand how magnetic materials behave. Imagine a grid of tiny magnets (spins), each pointing either up or down. These spins tend to align with their neighbors, creating regions of uniform magnetization. The model examines how temperature affects this alignment: at low temperatures, most spins align, resulting in magnetization; at high temperatures, thermal agitation disrupts order, leading to no overall magnetization. It helps scientists study phase transitions and critical phenomena, providing insights into how local interactions produce large-scale properties in materials.