20th Century Indian politics

20th-century Indian politics was characterized by the struggle for independence from British rule, achieved in 1947, and the subsequent building of a democratic nation. Leaders like Mahatma Gandhi and Jawaharlal Nehru emphasized non-violent resistance, secularism, and economic development. India faced challenges including regional divides, caste and religious tensions, and job creation. Over the years, political parties like the Indian National Congress and later Bharatiya Janata Party shaped policies. India navigated rapid social change, modernization, and maintaining unity amid diversity, evolving into the world's largest democracy with a complex but vibrant political landscape.