20th Century chess

20th-century chess saw rapid evolution through innovations in strategy, technology, and global competition. Prominent players like Capablanca, Alekhine, and Fischer advanced opening theory and emphasized deep calculation and psychological resilience. The era introduced formalized chess tournaments, rating systems like Elo, and groundbreaking computer analysis, culminating in the 1997 Deep Blue victory. This period transformed chess into a highly professional, data-driven sport, blending human creativity with technological support, and elevating it to international prominence.