20th-century Brazil

The 20th century in Brazil was marked by rapid change, modernization, and social shifts. It saw the end of monarchy in 1889 and the rise of a republic. The country experienced periods of economic growth, industrialization, and urbanization, alongside political upheavals like military coups and authoritarian regimes, especially during the 1964-1985 military dictatorship. Brazil also struggled with inequality, but made advances in education and infrastructure. The century concluded with the return to democracy in 1985, setting the stage for ongoing efforts to address social and economic challenges while remaining a diverse, dynamic nation.