2-Categories

A 2-category is an advanced mathematical framework that extends the idea of a category. In a category, you have objects and arrows (morphisms) connecting them, representing relationships or processes. In a 2-category, there's an extra layer: not only are there objects and arrows, but between the arrows themselves, there are "2-morphisms" that describe transformations or ways to go from one arrow to another. This layered structure allows mathematicians to model complex systems with relationships not only between objects but also between the processes connecting those objects, capturing a richer and more nuanced view of interconnections.