19th-century religious movements

The 19th century saw many religious movements emerge as people sought to renew and reform their faiths amidst social change. These included the Second Great Awakening in America, which emphasized personal salvation and emotional worship, and the rise of new denominations like Mormonism. Movements like Christian Science and Spiritualism explored new spiritual ideas, while the Oxford Movement in Britain aimed to revive traditional Catholic traditions within Anglicanism. Overall, these movements reflected a desire for spiritual renewal, questioning authority, and adapting religious practice to modern life, shaping the diverse landscape of contemporary Christianity.