19th century military theory

19th-century military theory emphasized the importance of decisive battles, coordination, and the efficient use of resources. Thinkers like Clausewitz viewed war as an extension of politics, advocating for strategic planning and understanding the "fog of war"—uncertainties on the battlefield. The period saw advancements in technology, such as rifled guns and mass armies, which influenced tactics and doctrine. Theory also focused on logistics, the importance of trained infantry, and maintaining morale. Overall, it aimed to understand how to best organize, strategize, and execute military actions to achieve political objectives effectively.