19th-century American education

19th-century American education evolved from primarily regional, informal schooling to more organized and standardized systems. Early on, education was often limited to the wealthy or specific communities, emphasizing basic literacy and religious teachings. The middle of the century saw the rise of public schools, driven by reforms advocating universal access, compulsory attendance, and the expansion of higher education. Key figures like Horace Mann promoted education as essential for democracy and social mobility. Despite progress, disparities persisted based on race, gender, and region. Overall, the era laid the foundation for a nationwide system aimed at fostering an educated populace.