1977 Panama Canal treaties

The 1977 Panama Canal Treaties were agreements between the United States and Panama to gradually transfer control of the Panama Canal from U.S. hands to Panama, ending its exclusive U.S. ownership established in 1903. The treaties set a timeline for Panama to assume full sovereignty over the canal and surrounding zones by December 31, 1999. They aimed to ensure Panama's independence while maintaining safe, efficient, and neutral operation of the canal. The treaties faced controversy but ultimately formalized a peaceful, negotiated transition of control, symbolizing Panama’s sovereignty over its vital maritime passage.