1947 invention of the transistor

The invention of the transistor in 1947 revolutionized electronics by providing a small, reliable switch for controlling electrical signals. It is made of semiconductor materials, typically silicon, that can amplify or switch electronic signals without the bulky, fragile vacuum tubes used previously. The transistor's ability to efficiently manage electricity enabled the development of compact, faster, and more durable electronic devices, laying the foundation for modern computers, smartphones, and countless other technologies. Essentially, it replaced large vacuum tubes with tiny, solid-state components that control electrical currents with greater precision and efficiency.