1919 Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms

The 1919 Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms were a set of changes introduced by the British government to gradually increase Indian participation in self-governance. Named after officials Montagu (India Secretary) and Chelmsford (Viceroy), these reforms expanded the legislative councils, allowing Indians to have a greater voice in decision-making. They also introduced a system of "dyarchy," dividing responsibilities between elected Indian members and appointed British officials in certain areas like education and health, while others remained under British control. The goal was to move India towards self-rule, though real power still largely rested with the British authorities.