1912-1913 Balkan Wars

The 1912-1913 Balkan Wars were two conflicts where Balkan states—Bulgaria, Serbia, Greece, and Montenegro—fought the Ottoman Empire to gain territory in the Balkan Peninsula. In the first war, these nations united to push out the Ottomans, significantly expanding their territories. After achieving this, they fought again in 1913 due to disagreements over land distribution. The wars reshaped regional borders, increased tensions among the Balkan countries, and contributed to the conditions leading to World War I. These conflicts marked a crucial step towards the independence and territorial consolidation of Balkan nations.