17th Century History

The 17th century was a turbulent period marked by major political, religious, and scientific upheavals. Europe saw conflicts like the Thirty Years’ War and the English Civil War, which reshaped national boundaries and governance. The century also experienced the rise of absolute monarchies and colonial expansion in the Americas, Africa, and Asia. Scientifically, it was the Age of Discovery and Innovation, with groundbreaking figures like Galileo and Newton transforming our understanding of the natural world. Cultural shifts included Baroque art and literature. Overall, it was a time of profound change that laid the groundwork for modern nations and science.