1709

The year 1709 was significant for events like the Battle of Poltava, where Russia defeated Sweden, marking a turning point in European power dynamics and contributing to Russia's rise as a major empire. It also saw the devastating Great Northern War, impacting Northern Europe’s political landscape. Additionally, 1709 included major natural disasters, such as the outbreak of the Great Northern War and the catastrophic collapse of the Tavira Bridge in Portugal. Overall, 1709 was a year marked by important military conflicts, political shifts, and significant natural events that shaped the history of Europe.