1704 War of Spanish Succession

The War of Spanish Succession (1701–1714) was a conflict triggered by the death of King Charles II of Spain, who lacked an heir. European powers feared Spain and France might unite under one ruler, disrupting balance of power. Key players, including Britain, the Dutch Republic, and Austria, opposed France and Spain's union. The war involved shifting alliances and battles across Europe, ending with the Treaty of Utrecht in 1713–1714. The treaty prevented a single ruler from controlling both Spain and France, maintaining European stability, and resulted in territorial adjustments, shaping modern Europe's borders.