1688 Glorious Revolution

The 1688 Glorious Revolution was when England peacefully replaced King James II with William of Orange and his wife Mary. James's Catholic beliefs and policies upset many Protestants, raising fears of religious persecution. The English Parliament invited William to take the throne, leading to James fleeing without much conflict. This event established parliamentary sovereignty over hereditary monarchy, reducing royal power and ensuring Protestant rule. It also laid the foundation for constitutional monarchy and influenced democratic ideas in England. The revolution is called "glorious" because it largely happened without bloodshed, marking a significant shift toward limited monarchy and parliamentary democracy.