13th Century Church History

The 13th century was a pivotal period for the Christian Church, marked by spiritual growth, theological debates, and internal reforms. It saw the rise of influential religious orders like the Franciscans and Dominicans, emphasizing poverty and education. The Church also faced challenges, including disputes over church authority, heresies like the Cathars, and efforts to address corruption. Major events include the Fourth Lateran Council (1215), which clarified church doctrines and practices, and the rise of scholasticism, combining faith and reason. Overall, this century shaped many aspects of medieval religious life, doctrine, and church authority.