1. Opportunistic Infections in Immunocompromised Patients

Opportunistic infections are illnesses caused by organisms that usually do not cause disease in healthy individuals but can take advantage of weakened immune systems. In immunocompromised patients—like those with HIV/AIDS, cancer, or those on certain medications—these organisms can lead to serious infections. Because their immune defenses are lower, these patients are at greater risk for infections from fungi, bacteria, and viruses that ordinary, healthy people can typically fight off. Preventive measures and prompt treatment are essential to manage these risks in vulnerable populations.