1. HIV/AIDS and Infections

HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) is a virus that attacks the immune system, making it harder for the body to fight infections. If untreated, HIV can lead to AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome), a late stage of HIV infection where the immune system is severely damaged. This leaves individuals vulnerable to opportunistic infections and diseases, which can be life-threatening. Transmission occurs through contact with certain body fluids, such as blood or sexual fluids. While there is currently no cure, effective antiretroviral therapy can manage the virus, allowing individuals to live longer, healthier lives.